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The following IDD Therapy® studies yield physiotherapeutic results as described on the SPINA-System™ line of devices. Only systems certified to perform IDD Therapy® protocols can claim these outcomes.

  1. Intervertebral Differential Dynamics Therapy-- A New Direction for the Initial Treatment of Low Back Pain, US Musculoskeletal Review, 2006

  3. Presentation by C. Norman Shealy, MD, Ph.D. at the Southern Medical Show in San Antonio, TX, November 12, 2005

  5. Long-term Effect Analysis of IDD Therapy in Low Back Pain: A Retrospective Clinical Pilot Study, American Journal of Pain Management, July 2005